Water Potential free essay sample

Water potential is the measure of free energy of water in a solution. The purpose of this lab was to find the water potential of a potato cell. The problem of this lab was, if there was a high molarity of solute, would it have a positive or negative water potential? The hypothesis of the experiment was, if there is a high molarity of solute then the water potential would be lower or negative. After obtaining potatoes, we cut them into pieces, weighed them, and then placed them in a solution overnight. In this lab, we explored the potato cell’s water potentiality. From the results, we found that it the higher the molarity of a solution is, the lower the water potential of the potato cell. This finding supports our hypothesis. Introduction: Water will always move from an area of high water potential to an area of low water potential. We will write a custom essay sample on Water Potential or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Water potential is the measure of free energy of water in a solution. Water potential is represented by the symbol ? (psi). Water potential is affected by two physical factors. One of factor is the addition on solute (? s); addition of solutes to a concentration will lower the water potential of that solute, causing water to move into the area. The other factor is pressure potential (? p). An increase of pressure potential raises the water potential. Water movement is directly proportionate to the pressure potential. The equation for water potential is: ? = ? p + ? s The water potential of pure water at atmospheric pressure is defined as being zero. The water potential value can be either positive, zero or negative. An increase in pressure potential results in a more positive value, and a decrease in pressure potential results in a more negative value. In contrast to pressure potential, solute potential is always negative; since pure water has a water potential of zero, any solutes will make the solution have lower or negative water potential. In general, an increase in solute potential makes the water potential value negative and an increase in pressure potential makes the water potential more positive. Methods and Materials: The materials used in this experiment were a large potato, peeler, apple corer, 250 mL beaker, paper towel, scale, six cups, knife, and about 100 mL solutions of: distilled water, 0. 2 M sucrose, 0. 4 M sucrose, 0. 6 M sucrose, 0. 8 M sucrose, and 1. 0 M sucrose. First, we poured 100 mL of assigned solutions into labeled cups. Then, my lab partner and I peeled a potato, and then sliced it. After slicing, we used an apple corer to cut it into pieces, and only using four pieces. Not including the skin. Then we weighed the mass of the potato pieces before placing it in the solutions assigned by our teacher, and recorded. After, we placed them in solutions, and covered them with plastic wrap to prevent evaporation. And we left it to stand overnight. The next day, we removed the cores from the cups, blotted them, weighed the mass of the potato cores, and recorded the change in mass. We recorded the class data, and then calculated the percentage change. We then graphed our data and class data for percent change, and then determined the molar concentration potato cores. Our hypothesis was that if there was a high solute potential then there would be a low or negative water potential. From the data, it clearly follows the rules of water potential. The higher the molarity is, the lower the water potential. The data verifies our hypothesis, making it true. Because there was a low water potential outside the potato pieces, it made the water inside the potato leave the cell, making it hypertonic. It is the opposite for the potato pieces in distilled water. There were no errors in this lab.

Whitman College Admissions and Acceptance Rate

Whitman College Admissions and Acceptance Rate As one of the top liberal arts colleges in the country, Whitman College has highly selective admissions. The acceptance rate in 2016 was 51 percent, and accepted students almost always have grades and standardized test scores that are significantly above average. Keep in mind, however, that the SAT and ACT are an optional part of the application. The admissions process is holistic. The college uses the Common Application, and an essay and recommendation are required parts of the process. Your extracurricular involvement can also play an important role. Interviews are recommended but not required. Will you get in if you apply to Whitman College? Calculate your chances of getting in with this free tool from Cappex. Admissions Data (2016) Percent of Applicants Admitted: 51  percentGPA, SAT and ACT graph for WhitmanTest Scores: 25th / 75th PercentileSAT Critical Reading: 600 / 720SAT Math: 600 / 700What these SAT numbers meanTop Washington colleges SAT comparisonTop 4-year colleges SAT score comparisonACT Composite: 28  / 32What these ACT numbers meanTop Washington colleges ACT comparisonTop 4-year college ACT score comparison About Whitman College Located in the small town of Walla Walla, Washington, Whitman is a great choice for students looking for a quality education and engaged campus community in an intimate setting. For its strengths in the liberal arts and sciences, Whitman was awarded a chapter of the prestigious  Phi Beta Kappa  honor society. Students interested in the sciences, engineering or law can take advantage of collaborations with top schools like  Caltech,  Columbia,  Duke  and  Washington University. Academics are supported by a 8  to 1  student / faculty ratio. Whitman also offers a wide range of options for study abroad with programs in 23 countries. In athletics, the Whitman competes in the NCAA Division III Northwest Conference. Enrollment (2016) Total Enrollment: 1,493  (all undergraduate)Gender Breakdown: 43  percent male / 57 percent female97 percent full-time Costs (2016-17) Tuition and Fees: $47,862Books: $1,400 (why so much?)Room and Board: $11,910Other Expenses: $800Total Cost: $61,872 Whitman College Financial Aid (2014-15) Percentage of New Students Receiving Aid: 80 percentPercentage of New Students Receiving Types of AidGrants: 75 percentLoans: 55  percentAverage Amount of AidGrants: $25,630Loans: $5,471 Academic Programs Most Popular Majors: Biology, Economics, English, History, Philosophy, Political Science, PsychologyWhat major is right for you? Sign up to take the free My Careers and Majors Quiz at Cappex. Graduation and Retention Rates First Year Student Retention (full-time students): 94  percent4-Year Graduation Rate: 83  percent6-Year Graduation Rate: 88  percent Intercollegiate Athletic Programs Mens Sports: Soccer, Track and Field, Tennis, Swimming, Golf, Baseball, BasketballWomens Sports: Lacrosse, Volleyball, Track and Field, Basketball, Golf, Swimming Data Source National Center for Educational Statistics If You Like Whitman College, You May Also Like These Schools Stanford University: Profile | GPA-SAT-ACT GraphPitzer College: Profile | GPA-SAT-ACT GraphUniversity of Washington: Profile | GPA-SAT-ACT GraphSeattle University: Profile | GPA-SAT-ACT GraphGonzaga University: Profile | GPA-SAT-ACT GraphCarleton College: Profile | GPA-SAT-ACT GraphWhitworth University: ProfileBowdoin College: Profile | GPA-SAT-ACT GraphGrinnell College: Profile | GPA-SAT-ACT GraphMiddlebury College: Profile | GPA-SAT-ACT GraphLewis Clark College: Profile | GPA-SAT-ACT GraphReed College: Profile | GPA-SAT-ACT GraphPomona College: Profile | GPA-SAT-ACT Graph Whitman College Mission Statement mission statement from https://www.whitman.edu/about/mission-statement Whitman College is committed to providing an excellent, well-rounded liberal arts and sciences undergraduate education. It is an independent, nonsectarian, and residential college. Whitman offers an ideal setting for rigorous learning and scholarship and encourages creativity, character, and responsibility. Through the study of humanities, arts, and social and natural sciences, Whitman’s students develop capacities to analyze, interpret, criticize, communicate, and engage. A concentration on basic disciplines, in combination with a supportive residential life program that encourages personal and social development, is intended to foster intellectual vitality, confidence, leadership, and the flexibility to succeed in a changing technological, multicultural world. Data Source: National Center for Educational Statistics